Congenital Brachial Plexus Palsy - Clinical Scenario
A newborn presents with a limp left arm since delivery, suspected of congenital brachial plexus palsy.
A newborn presents with a limp left arm since delivery, suspected of congenital brachial plexus palsy.
A 57-year-old woman presents with signs of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI).
A 65-year-old male farmer presents with stiffness and contracture in his middle finger, impacting daily activities.
A 45-year-old male experiences numbness and tingling in his right ring and little fingers, suggesting ulnar tunnel syndrome.
A 52-year-old woman presents with numbness in her right thumb, index, and middle finger, and pain in the anterior forearm.
A 2-month-old presents with right chest wall hypoplasia and syndactyly of three middle digits.
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Sternal wound infections (SWIs) are classified into superficial and deep infections. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, lab tests, and imaging. Treatment includes antibiotics, debridement, and flap reconstruction.
Dupuytren's disease causes progressive hand contractures from fibrous nodules in the palm. Common in older Northern European men, it's linked to genetics and manual labor. Diagnosis is clinical, with treatments including collagenase injections, needle aponeurotomy, or surgery.
Gynaecomastia Case: A 35-year-old man presents with 6-month breast enlargement. Objectives include history-taking, identifying investigations, and treatment options.
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Gynecomastia is male breast enlargement due to glandular growth and fat, caused by hormonal imbalances. It often presents as painless and bilateral. Diagnosis involves history, tests, and imaging. Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and medication to surgery for persistent cases.
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Poland syndrome is a congenital condition involving unilateral chest wall deformity and hand anomalies. It can be managed surgically for functional and aesthetic improvement.
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Hemifacial microsomia is the commonest craniofacial abnormality. This article details the genetics, clinical features, classifications and management.
Treacher Collins Syndrome is a genetic craniofacial syndrome characterised by hypoplasia, external ear and eyelid malformations and visual disturbance.
Pierre Robin Sequence is glossoptosis, micrognathia and upper airway respiratory obstruction. This article details pathophysiology, causes and treatment.
A 39-year-old woman with forearm pain and inability to flex the thumb and index finger joints likely has Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome (AINS).
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Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome involves compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist. It manifests as motor and sensory issues, varying based on the compression site. Diagnosis primarily uses X-rays, while management ranges from non-surgical interventions to surgical decompression.
Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome (AINS) affects the median nerve's motor branch, leading to muscle paralysis without sensory loss. Diagnosis involves physical exams, EMG, and imaging. Initial treatment is conservative, followed by surgery if symptoms persist.